Costs of Parking Provision and Installation

From BikeOff Parking Standards Consultation

Jump to: navigation, search
What YOU can do

The aim of this wiki is to consult you on current bicycle parking advice and to combine knowledge, expertise and experience to produce comprehensive and definitive guidelines. The information contained in this WIKI represents a “best of breed” for bicycle parking provision generated from a representative sample of available guidelines. The objective is to create guidance that people agree on and want to see applied.


YOU are encouraged to contribute to this process. To do this simply open an account through clicking in the top right-hand corner of your screen. Then to edit any text click on the 'edit' tab at the top right hand corner of each section. To discuss any issues without altering the text you can click on the discussion tab at the top of the screen. If there is content you feel is missing but you do not have the answer (i.e. advice that you seek) then please include a request for this content to be added so that someone else may respond. When you have finished you can return to the 'Home Page' using the navigation link on the left of your screen. For further wiki-related help click here[[1]]

Contents


Costs of Parking Provision and Installation

  1. For the purpose of comparison, the cost to provide one car parking space (room for 6-12 bikes) is between £1,200 - £2,500 to install and approximately £250 per annum to maintain. This excludes the cost to an employer for the purchase of car-parking permits for the same number of people. Garage space for one car costs £6,000 upwards.[1]
  2. A typical Sheffield/ U-stand costs between £50 - £150 to purchase and install, depending on specification, quantity and material finish. This does not include reinstatement costs or traffic and pedestrian management costs.[2]
  3. Comparative U-stand purchase costs (50mm tube, ex-vat): galvanised £29.60; polyester powder coated galvanised £33.00; stainless £92.00.[3]
  4. Stands designed to be closed by U-locks (eg ‘Klamp’ stands) can cost up to four times as much as Sheffield-type stands to install and maintain.[4]
  5. Long-term off-street parking is estimated at an average of £300 per cycle, including the space it occupies.[5]
  6. Dedicated rooms with less-expensive bicycle racks within buildings can work out a cost-effective use of existing space. Clearing redundant areas can make for useful storage opportunities at little or no extra cost.[6]
  7. Supervised parking can allow for installation of less-expensive racks.[7]
  8. Hanging cycle racks and hooks, for internal use can cost from £10 - £180 per cycle. [8]
  9. Cycle lockers, installed, can cost between £300 - £1860 per cycle.[9]
  10. Cycle lockers and their ongoing costs tend to be expensive (per cycle) so other secure parking options for the spend should also be considered. The following should be considered in the costing of a locker installation:[10]
    1. The cost of site preparation (leveling etc), and adjustment of units on sloping sites.
    2. Delivery and installation costs, including future expansion or relocation of units.
    3. Ventilation and hygiene - ease of cleaning and airing the space (wet bikes).
    4. Durability of finish and ease of graffiti/ bill-posting removal.
    5. Opportunities for advertising revenue - especially with vertical lockers.
    6. Spares and service parts (especially lock or key replacement/management costs).
    7. Ease of use - if the locker takes too long to use, it offers little advantage over open stands.
  11. Two Tier racks can cost £200 - £250 per space including design and installation, but vary with number.[11]
  12. A shelter for 20 bikes can cost between £3,000 (£150/cycle) and £10,000 (£500/cycle).[12]
  13. Compounds, Cages, Self Contained Units: Vary with solution. A basic shelter with ‘cage’ type front gates can cost £2,150 upwards.[13]
  14. Artists and steel fabricators can produce customised designs to a fixed budget tailored to a particular location.[14]
  15. The cost of cycle parking should take into account the installation and any works that may be required, such as foundations, drainage and any ancillary works.[15]
  16. The overall cost should also take into account the anticipated lifespan of the installation.[16]

More specific examples:

  1. For commercial districts, main streets, employment centres, industrial developments and higher education institutions, the City of Portland (USA) forecasts (2007) to spend £2.5million ($4.8million) over 20 years, between public (89%) and private (11%) sectors, on implementation of 10,700 cycle parking spaces. This equates to £234 per cycle parking space, or £11.70 per space per year.[17]
  2. For multi-family dwellings (98% private, 2% public provision) the City of Portland (USA) anticipates to install (a) 11,325 long-term cycle spaces at £316 each. Over a 20 year period that is £15.80/ cycle per year; and (b) 5,420 short-term spaces at £31.6 per cycle space, so £1.58 per space per year (20 years).[18]
  3. The capital cost of the Milton Keynes (UK) self-contained Cycle Centre, which parks 32 bikes, was £130,000, for an estimated 15-20 year lifespan. This equates to £4,063 per cycle, inclusive of all services offered by the centre; this is £203 per cycle per year over 20 years.[19]
  4. At GlaxoSmithKline headquarters in Brentford (UK), a decision was made to support those willing to give up their cars and cycle to work, at a cost to GSK of £400 per cyclist per annum, compared to providing car parking at £2,000 per space per year. As a result, the number of staff cycling to work increased from 50 to 350 (i.e. 2% to 12% of the 3,000).[20]

Funding for cycle Parking:

  1. In the UK money can be made available for cycle parking from the Local Transport Plan and from district councils.[21]
  2. An alternative source of funding is from the contributions of developers (private sector).[22]
  3. Although monies may be available, there can be problems getting agreements to site the stands/facilities where they are required. If so one should contact the appropriate local Cycling/ Walking Officer for assistance.[23]
  4. Custom-made parking stands (based on these guidelines) may be considered to augment an urban design theme or reflect the character of a place or organisation, in which case the cost could be funded through sponsorship by local commercial bodies or included in the cost of a larger highways/ development scheme.[24]
  5. Self-contained units providing cycle parking can sometimes be treated as street furniture and so funded from highways money and do not require planning permission.[25]
  6. Transport for London’s (UK) ‘Take a Stand’ scheme can provide employers with free cycle stands for up to 40 bicycles.[26]

Examples of Revenue from Cycle Parking:

  1. Below is an example of the monetary revenue generated through installation of a fee-paying bicycle parking centre:
    1. Milton Keynes Council (UK) expects to generate £150 per year per cyclist from its self contained Cycle Centre, which covers running costs; this is compared to £180 per year from a car parking space.[27]

Locker revenues:

  1. Below are examples of the monetary revenue generated through installation of fee-paying bicycle lockers:
    1. University of California (USA), Davis: £11 per quarter (10-12 weeks), £11 key deposit, £6 per quarter for those commuting 10 miles or more (one way).[28]
    2. Portland, Oregon (USA): £6/month, £13 per 3 months, £24 per 6 months, £13 key deposit.Rate structure assumed to cover locker costs over 10-year period.[29]
    3. San Francisco (USA): £13 per 3 months, £24 per 6 months, £40 per year, £13 refundable key deposit.
    4. Madison (USA): £40 per 1 year.[30]
    5. Cincinnati (USA): Has 10 lockers in downtown. £22 per 6 months. Recent increase in key deposit to cover lock replacents.
    6. Caltrain (USA):£3 per month six months in advance, £13 refundable key deposit.[31]
    7. Maryland Mass Transit Admin (USA?): £13 per 3 months, £40 per year, £13 refundable key deposit. [32]
    8. Washington DC (USA) Metro: £24 per 6 months, £40 per year, $10 key deposit.[33]
    9. Tucson (USA): 54 lockers (108 spaces) in downtown, 54 lockers (108 spaces) at select transit stops, £1 per month, £4 refundable key deposit. [34]
    10. Santa Cruz, CA (USA): £3 per month, £6 refundable key deposit (plus £2 bicycle license).[35]


References

  1. ↑ New South Wales Parking Guidelines (2005). CTC Best Practice Benchmarking: Cycle Parking (2003). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide. Pedestrian and Cycling Information Center (2007).
  2. ↑ Sustrans (2007). Chapter 9 - Signing, Parking and Other Details.City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995). Transport for London (2007). Cycle Parking Standards. New South Wales Parking Guidelines (2005). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide. Lancaster University Cycle Parking Improvement Strategy (2007). Pedestrian and Cycling Information Center (2007).
  3. ↑ ]Lancaster University Cycle Parking Improvement Strategy (2007).
  4. ↑ Department for Transport (2006). Key elements of cycle parking provision.
  5. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995).
  6. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  7. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995).
  8. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  9. ↑ Safe Routes to Schools (2007). Transportation Alternatives: Bicycle Parking Solutions (2007). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide. Lancaster University Cycle Parking Improvement Strategy (2007).Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  10. ↑ Cambridgeshire Travel for Work Partnership (2007). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  11. ↑ Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  12. ↑ Safe Routes to Schools (2007). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  13. ↑ Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  14. ↑ Sustrans (2007). Chapter 9 - Signing, Parking and Other Details.
  15. ↑ Sustrans (2007). Chapter 9 - Signing, Parking and Other Details.
  16. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995). CTC Best Practice Benchmarking: Cycle Parking (2003). Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  17. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995).
  18. ↑ City of Portland Office of Transportation Bicycle Masterplan (1995).
  19. ↑ CTC Best Practice Benchmarking: Cycle Parking (2003).
  20. ↑ Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  21. ↑ Nottinghamshire County Council (2006).
  22. ↑ Nottinghamshire County Council (2006).
  23. ↑ Nottinghamshire County Council (2006).
  24. ↑ New South Wales Parking Guidelines (2005).
  25. ↑ CTC Best Practice Benchmarking: Cycle Parking (2003).
  26. ↑ Transport for London (2006). Workplace Cycle Parking Guide.
  27. ↑ CTC Best Practice Benchmarking: Cycle Parking (2003).
  28. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  29. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  30. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  31. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  32. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  33. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  34. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
  35. ↑ Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (2002). Bicycle Parking Guidelines.
Retrieved from "http://www.bikeoff.org/consultation/wiki/index.php/Costs_of_Parking_Provision_and_Installation"
Personal tools